N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody Review

 

[caption id="attachment_1167" align="alignleft" width="151"] N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody in Western Blot analysis.[/caption]

N-cadherin, also known as Cadherin-2 (CDH2) or neural cadherin (NCAD) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH2 gene. CDH2 has also been designated as CD325 (cluster of differentiation 325). N-cadherin is a transmembrane protein expressed in multiple tissues and functions to mediate cell–cell adhesion. In cardiac muscle, N-cadherin is an integral component in adherens junctions residing at intercalated discs, which function to mechanically and electrically couple adjacent cardiomyocytes. While mutations in CDH2 have not thus far been associated with human disease, alterations in expression and integrity of N-cadherin protein has been observed in various forms of disease, including human dilated cardiomyopathy.

N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, IF: 1:200-1:1000, ELISA: 1:10000.

N-cadherin, originally named for its role in neural tissue, plays a role in neurons and later was found to also play a role in cardiac muscle and in cancer metastasis. N-cadherin is a transmembrane, homophilic glycoprotein belonging to the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule family. I've tried N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody with excellent results. This product is what I want.

NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody Review

[caption id="attachment_1156" align="alignleft" width="300"] NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody in Immunohistochemical analysis.[/caption]

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, heavy metals, ultraviolet irradiation, oxidized LDL, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection, and improper immune development. NF-κB has also been implicated in processes of synaptic plasticity and memory.

NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:20000.

NF-κB is widely used by eukaryotic cells as a regulator of genes that control cell proliferation and cell survival. As such, many different types of human tumors have misregulated NF-κB: that is, NF-κB is constitutively active. As a useful and efficient product, NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody is well worth to recommending.

EliKine™ Human TNF-α ELISA Kit – the latest revolutionary scientific research kit

Human TNF-α ELISA Kit is the latest product from Abbkine Scientific Research Company. As part of the company’s plans to ease the research process and ensure that better results are gotten in record time, the company made the announcement to official launch the Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit on the market.

The ELISA Kit is particularly designed to allow for the easy detection of Human TNF-α. Consequently, investigators, researchers and other such users of the product can easily get their desired results in record time. This also ensures that better results are gotten.

EliKine™ Human TNF-α ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate TNF-α in samples, it has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TNF-α. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human TNF-α and analogues was observed.

The recent launch of the Human TNF-α ELISA Kit has been described by many as a revolutionary introduction to the industry. With a high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TNF-α, the product stands above its peers on the market.

EliKine™ Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit includes Human TNF-α microplate, Human TNF-α standard, Human TNF-α detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP,  Standard diluen, Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer, Plate covers. The kit has a calibration range of 7.8 pg/ml-500 pg/ml and uses the Colorimetric detection method, with a detection limit of 4 pg/mL.

About Abbkine ELISA Kit

Abbkine Inc. is a company founded by a team of scientists and marketing experts in the field of life science. Founded in 2012 and headquartered in China. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health, we newly launched EliKine™ series of ELISA kits exert high sensibility and specificity, with a comprehensive selection of ELISA kits available for the quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins, to meet your multiple experiment demands.

NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody Review

[caption id="attachment_1132" align="alignleft" width="160"] NFκB-p65 Antibody detected p65, RELA, NFKB3 expression.[/caption]

NF-kappa-B is a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in several biological processes. It is held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state by specific inhibitors. Upon degradation of the inhibitor, NF-kappa-B moves to the nucleus and activates transcription of specific genes. NF-kappa-B is composed of NFKB1 or NFKB2 bound to either REL, RELA, or RELB. The most abundant form of NF-kappa-B is NFKB1 complexed with the product of this gene, RELA. Four transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:5000.

I find the quality suitable for my experiments. This product is what I want. I am happy to choose NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody！

Gene technology can be potential opportunity for agriculture

Consumers will soon be eating gene-edited foods that have added nutrients, potatoes that do not turn brown, and mushrooms with a longer shelf life, scientists at The University of Queensland predict.

UQ Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Director Professor Robert Henry said gene technology was a potential game-changer for agriculture.  “The next generation of genetically altered foods are here and waiting for regulatory approval,” he said. “While most consumers don’t understand what gene editing is, many also don’t understand genetics or the conventional breeding techniques that have been delivering us new and improved foods for centuries.”

[caption id="attachment_1077" align="aligncenter" width="590"] Director Professor Robert Henry said gene technology was a potential game-changer for agriculture.[/caption]

Professor Henry said there have been major advances in gene technology, and the regulatory environment needed to keep up. Gene editing involves a snip or tweak of DNA at precise locations on the genome, using technologies such as CRISPR. “Gene editing is the same as conventional breeding but a faster, safer and a more precise process – with benefits to human health as well as agriculture and food,” Professor Henry said. “We have not had the same public response, because gene editing does not require inserting new genes into the cell’s nuclei.”

Researchers in China and the United States have already successfully edited the genomes of human embryos to correct disease carrying mutations. Professor Henry said there would soon be similar innovations in the crop, horticulture and livestock industries.

“We will see more nutritious, longer-lasting, disease-resistant crops, fruits and vegetables, and more effective ways to develop desirable welfare traits like polled (hornless) cattle,” he said. “Gene editing allows us to do things more efficiently and faster than we are able to do with conventional genetic improvement and plant breeding.”

Professor Henry said that the technology was advancing rapidly and regulatory considerations needed to encompass  more than technological tools or processes. The  Australian Gene Technology Act is under review and States and Territories must agree to new regulations. Professor Henry is part of a panel of international experts discussing the regulation of gene editing in agriculture at a breakfast hosted by the Queensland Rural Press Club, as part of National Agriculture Day during the TropAg2017 conference in Brisbane on 21 November.

Media: QAAFI Communications, Margaret Puls, m.puls@uq.edu.au, +61 7 3346 0553; Professor Robert Henry, robert.henry@uq.edu.au, +61 7 3443 0552.

Human IL-18 ELISA Kit Review

EliKine™ Human IL-18 ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate IL-18 in samples. An antibody specific for IL-18 has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any IL-18 present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin-conjugated antibody specific for IL-18 is added to the wells. After washing, proprietary EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP conjugates is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound streptavidin-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of IL-18 bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

Interleukin-18 (IL18, also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine.

The Human IL 18 ELISA Kit includes Human IL-18 microplate,  Human IL-18 standard, Human IL-18 detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP, Standard diluent, Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer, Plate covers.

This featured Human IL-18 ELISA Kit with Calibration range  78 pg/mL-5000 pg/mL and Limit of detection 40 pg/mL has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human IL-18. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human IL-18 and analogues was observed.

I purchased the Human IL 18 ELISA Kit through door-to-door sales staff of Abbkine, from product parameters to experimental results, their sales and technicians gave detailed information until I placed the order, I have to say all I've contacted staff are very professional. Abbkine’s price is affordable and my experiment result is also perfect, because of this happy experience I will continue to focus on their other products.

New optical microscopy technique reveals dimerization of membrane receptor TLR4

In humans, invading pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Upon recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, TLR4 dimerizes and can stimulate two different signaling pathways, the proinflammatory, MyD88-dependent pathway and the antiviral, MyD88-independent pathway. The balance between these two pathways is ligand-dependent, and ligand composition determines whether the invading pathogen activates or evades the host immune response. Two parts of this gate often work together here, as researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt and their British colleagues have now found out with the help of a new super-resolution optical microscopy technique.

Experiments conducted so far indicated that TLRs are activated by a chemical signal that causes two proteins to cluster together as dimers. This process, which is known as “dimerization”, appears to play a pivotal role in a cell’s fate: It can decide whether the cell survives, dies or moves within the body. Because dimerization takes place on a molecular scale that cannot be captured using conventional microscopy techniques, researchers have to date been dependent on indirect measuring methods. These were, however, prone to error and yielded diverging results. This has now changed thanks to the new super-resolution optical microscopy technique.

In the forthcoming issue of “Science Signaling”, the working groups led by Professor Mike Heilemann of Goethe University Frankfurt and by Dr. Darius Widera and Dr. Graeme Cottrell of the University of Reading in England describe how they have studied the organization of the TLR4 receptor on the cell surface in molecular resolution. In a first step, they used a super-resolution microscope with a resolution about 100 times better than a standard fluorescence microscope. Since this was still not sufficient to make single receptor molecules in a tiny protein dimer visible, the researchers developed a more sophisticated analysis of the optical signal. In this way they were able to zoom in closer on the super-resolution images and examine under which conditions TLR4 forms a monomer or a dimer. The researchers could also detect which chemical signals from different pathogens modulate the receptors’ patterns.

The researchers hope that their work will lead in future to a better understanding of how TLR dimerization affects the decision between the life or death of a cell. It might also be possible to determine how pharmaceutical ingredients targeted at TLRs influence the behavior of cancer cells. “It is also conceivable that this approach will help us in future to understand better the fundamental biological processes that regulate the immune system in health and disease. At the same time, this microscopy method is also applicable to other membrane proteins and many similar questions,” explains Professor Mike Heilemann from the Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry at Goethe University Frankfurt.

Publication:

Carmen L. Krüger, Marie-Theres Zeuner, Graeme S. Cottrell, Darius Widera, Mike Heilemann: Quantitative single-molecule imaging of TLR4 reveals ligand-specific receptor dimerization, Science Signaling, doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aan1308

[caption id="attachment_1073" align="aligncenter" width="800"] Left: Conventional light microscopy is an useful tool in visualising biological structures and processes. However, its resolution is not sufficient to study events occurring at molecular scale. The image on the left shows the nuclei of brain tumour cells (yellow: nuclei containing DNA) with Toll-like receptors 4 localised at the cell surface (cyan spots). Although many TLR4 can be clearly seen, the spatial resolution does not allow determination of single receptor units. Middle: Super-resolution microscopy greatly improves the spatial resolution and allows detection of single TLR4 clusters (cyan) at the surface of the cells. However, even at this superior resolution, it is not possible to distinguish between monomers and dimers of the receptor. Right: Crystal structure of a TLR4 dimer. The novel analysis method developed by the consortium is able to provide information allowing differentiating between receptor monomers and dimers.[/caption]

Copyright: Widera/Heilemann

Further information: Professor Mike Heilemann, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Riedberg Campus, Tel.: +49(0)69-798- 29736, Heilemann@chemie.uni-frankfurt.de.