Abbkine announces the release of EliKine™ Human TGF-β1 ELISA Kit

Abbkine Scientific has recently announced the official release of its new product, the EliKine™ Human TGF-β1 ELISA Kit. This is part of the company’s commitment to ensuring an easier and more effective research process. Otherwise known as the Human TGFB1 ELISA Kit, the product is coming as an addition to the long list of research products and solutions from the scientific research giant.

Gene TGF-β is also known as LAP, so the EliKine™ Human TGF-β1 ELISA Kit is often called EliKine™ Human LAP ELISA Kit, the product is one of EliKine™ ELISA Kits, the featured Kit is probably the first of its kind in the industry with features and benefits that distinguish it from other such products on the market. Over the years, scientists, researchers and investigators alike have had to deal with products that are either exorbitantly priced or those that fail to deliver on their claims.

[caption id="attachment_82703" align="alignleft" width="303"] Human TGF-β1 is detected by featured EliKine™ Human TGF-β1 ELISA Kit (KET6030)[/caption]

The recent launch of the research kit by Abbkine Scientific therefore signals a new beginning in the scientific research world, with the major benefit being its high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TGF-β1.

In addition to the benefit mentioned above, no significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human TGF-β1 and analogues was observed after using the EliKine™ Human TGF-β1 ELISA Kit.

Some of the components of the kit include Human TGF-β1 microplate, Human TGF-β1 standard, Human TGF-β1 detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP, and Standard diluent. The kit also consists of Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer, and Plate covers.

About Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

MIF Polyclonal Antibody Review

MIF encodes a lymphokine, Macrophage migration inhibitory factor, involved in cell-mediated immunity, immunoregulation, and inflammation. It plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids. This lymphokine and the JAB1 protein form a complex in the cytosol near the peripheral plasma membrane, which may indicate an additional role in integrin

[caption id="attachment_1232" align="alignleft" width="144"] MIF Polyclonal Antibody in Western Blot analysis.[/caption]

signaling pathways.

MIF Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, ELISA: 1:10000.

Bacterial antigens stimulate white blood cells to release MIF into the blood stream. The circulating MIF binds to CD74 on other immune cells to trigger an acute immune response. Responsible to say, MIF Polyclonal Antibody is a very good product. It works well. And this product is what I want.

MMP-2 Polyclonal Antibody Review

MMP2 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene family, that are zinc-dependent enzymes capable of cleaving components of the extracellular matrix and molecules involved in signal transduction. 72 kDa type IV collagenase encoded by MMP2 is a gelatinase A, type IV collagenase, that contains three fibronectin type II repeats in its catalytic site that allow binding of denatured type IV and V collagen and elastin. Unlike most MMP family

[caption id="attachment_1220" align="alignleft" width="300"] MMP-2 Polyclonal Antibody in immunofluorescence analysis.[/caption]

members, activation of this protein can occur on the cell membrane. This enzyme can be activated extracellularly by proteases, or, intracellulary by its S-glutathiolation with no requirement for proteolytical removal of the pro-domain. This protein is thought to be involved in multiple pathways including roles in the nervous system, endometrial menstrual breakdown, regulation of vascularization, and metastasis. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Winchester syndrome and Nodulosis-Arthropathy-Osteolysis (NAO) syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

MMP-2 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, IF: 1:200-1:1000, ELISA: 1:20000.

Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. We always have faith in the quality of Abbkine's products.

Pearl millet genome sequence provides a resource to improve agronomic traits in arid environments.

Topics overview: Error-correction code (ECC) sequencing can improve sequencing accuracy,  Higher affinity T cell receptors, Molecular afterglow imaging, Human fecal sample processing in metagenomic studies, Pearl millet genome sequence improves agronomic traits in arid environments.

1、Highly accurate fluorogenic DNA sequencing with information theory–based error correction.

Eliminating errors in next-generation DNA sequencing has proved challenging. Here Zitian Chen at Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG) in Beijing, China and his colleagues present error-correction code (ECC) sequencing, a method to greatly improve sequencing accuracy by combining fluorogenic sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS) with an information theory–based error-correction algorithm. ECC embeds redundancy in sequencing reads by creating three orthogonal degenerate sequences, generated by alternate dual-base reactions. This is similar to encoding and decoding strategies that have proved effective in detecting and correcting errors in information communication and storage. They show that, when combined with a fluorogenic SBS chemistry with raw accuracy of 98.1%, ECC sequencing provides single-end, error-free sequences up to 200 bp. ECC approaches should enable accurate identification of extremely rare genomic variations in various applications in biology and medicine.

Read more, please click http://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.3982

2、Generation of higher affinity T cell receptors by antigen-driven differentiation of progenitor T cells in vitro.

Many promising targets for T-cell-based cancer immunotherapies are self-antigens. During thymic selection, T cells bearing T cell receptors (TCRs) with high affinity for self-antigen are eliminated. The affinity of the remaining low-avidity TCRs can be improved to increase their antitumor efficacy, but conventional saturation mutagenesis approaches are labor intensive, and the resulting TCRs may be cross-reactive. Here Thomas M Schmitt at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Washington, USA and his colleagues describe the in vitro maturation and selection of mouse and human T cells on antigen-expressing feeder cells to develop higher-affinity TCRs. The approach takes advantage of natural Tcrb gene rearrangement to generate diversity in the length and composition of CDR3β. In vitro differentiation of progenitors transduced with a known Tcra gene in the presence of antigen drives differentiation of cells with a distinct agonist-selected phenotype. They purified these cells to generate TCRβ chain libraries pre-enriched for target antigen specificity. Several TCRβ chains paired with a transgenic TCRα chain to produce a TCR with higher affinity than the parental TCR for target antigen, without evidence of cross-reactivity.

Read more, please click http://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.4004

3、Molecular afterglow imaging with bright, biodegradable polymer nanoparticles.

Afterglow optical agents, which emit light long after cessation of excitation, hold promise for ultrasensitive in vivo imaging because they eliminate tissue autofluorescence. However, afterglow imaging has been limited by its reliance on inorganic nanoparticles with relatively low brightness and short-near-infrared (NIR) emission. Here Qingqing Miao at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore and her colleagues present semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) <40 nm in diameter that store photon energy via chemical defects and emit long-NIR afterglow luminescence at 780 nm with a half-life of ∼6 min. In vivo, the afterglow intensity of SPNs is more than 100-fold brighter than that of inorganic afterglow agents, and the signal is detectable through the body of a live mouse. High-contrast lymph node and tumor imaging in living mice is demonstrated with a signal-to-background ratio up to 127-times higher than that obtained by NIR fluorescence imaging. Moreover, they developed an afterglow probe, activated only in the presence of biothiols, for early detection of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in living mice.

Read more, please click http://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.3987

4、Towards standards for human fecal sample processing in metagenomic studies.

Technical variation in metagenomic analysis must be minimized to confidently assess the contributions of microbiota to human health. Here Paul I Costea at European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg, Germany and his colleagues tested 21 representative DNA extraction protocols on the same fecal samples and quantified differences in observed microbial community composition. They compared them with differences due to library preparation and sample storage, which we contrasted with observed biological variation within the same specimen or within an individual over time. They found that DNA extraction had the largest effect on the outcome of metagenomic analysis. To rank DNA extraction protocols, they considered resulting DNA quantity and quality, and they ascertained biases in estimates of community diversity and the ratio between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They recommend a standardized DNA extraction method for human fecal samples, for which transferability across labs was established and which was further benchmarked using a mock community of known composition. Its adoption will improve comparability of human gut microbiome studies and facilitate meta-analyses.

Read more, please click http://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.3960

5、Pearl millet genome sequence provides a resource to improve agronomic traits in arid environments.

Pearl millet [Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone] is a staple food for more than 90 million farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa, India and South Asia. Rajeev K Varshney at International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) in Hyderabad, Telangana State, India and his colleagues report the ∼1.79 Gb draft whole genome sequence of reference genotype Tift 23D2B1-P1-P5, which contains an estimated 38,579 genes. They highlight the substantial enrichment for wax biosynthesis genes, which may contribute to heat and drought tolerance in this crop. They resequenced and analyzed 994 pearl millet lines, enabling insights into population structure, genetic diversity and domestication. They use these resequencing data to establish marker trait associations for genomic selection, to define heterotic pools, and to predict hybrid performance. They believe that these resources should empower researchers and breeders to improve this important staple crop.



 

Read more, please click http://www.nature.com/articles/nbt.3943

 

 

 

Scientists found that GDF-15 can shield cancer cells from attack of macrophages

Recently, a new article firstly published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, identified a growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), which is secreted by pancreatic cancer cells and protect cancer cells against macrophage-mediated killing. In vitro, tumor-derived GDF-15 signals in macrophages to suppress their proapoptotic activity by inhibiting TNF and nitric oxide (NO) production. NF-κB/GDF-15 regulatory axis is important for tumor cells in evading macrophage immune surveillance during the early stages of tumorigenesis.

[caption id="attachment_1180" align="aligncenter" width="511"] NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) protein complex. Plays a role in cancer and inflammation. Atoms are represented as spheres with conventional color coding. Credit: molekuul_be/ Shutterstock.com[/caption]

The researchers discovered that GDF-15 maybe have important effects on the early pancreatic cancer cells, and a molecule known as N-F-kappa-B (NF-kB) could help cancer cells produce GDF-15.

Often, if the macrophages want to kill cancer cells, it will secrete some materials, such as tumor necrosis factors and nitric oxide. When GDF-15 exists, macrophages couldn’t release these chemicals, so it could escape the chase of macrophages. Sarcastically, NF-kB in macrophages involve in the process of production for the two chemicals.

Also, researchers think that this macrophages-disarming mechanism can promote the development and survival of early phase tumors. In discussing the impact of GDF-15 in the development of pancreatic cancer, these research results can satisfy the preclinical studies needs.

Researchers carried out the study using pancreatic-cancer cell lines, cells from patient tumors and an animal model, and they found that:

a. NF-kB is the direct regulator of GDF-15;
b. GDF-15 is required for the development of early pancreatic tumors.
c. GDF-15 protects transformed cells against macrophage-mediated killing.
d. GDF-15 suppresses macrophage cytotoxic activity by inhibiting the production of TNF and iNOS.
e. NF-κB and GDF-15 are coexpressed in tumor cells of patients with PDAC.
f. GDF-15 signals in macrophages to suppress NF-κB signaling via TAK-1.

Conclusions: ‘’The study shows that GDF-15 plays an important role in the development of pancreatic cancer and might be required for the development of early pancreatic tumors. NF-kB is important for the secretion and synthesis of GDF-15 from tumor cells in pancreas, which inhibits the NF-kB activity in macrophages and prevents them from killing tumor cells.’’ said by researchers.

Source: https://eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-11/osuw-srn112017.php

Article Title: NF-κB regulates GDF-15 to suppress macrophage surveillance during early tumor development
Journal: The Journal of Clinical Investigation
Authors: Nivedita M. Ratnam, Jennifer M. Peterson, Erin E. Talbert, Katherine J. Ladner, Priyani V. Rajasekera, Carl R. Schmidt, Mary E. Dillhoff, Benjamin J. Swanson, Ericka Haverick, Raleigh D. Kladney, Terence M. Williams, Gustavo W. Leone, David J. Wang, and Denis C. Guttridge

LinKine™ FITC Labeling Kit becomes a new member to Conjugation kits family

[caption id="attachment_70301" align="alignleft" width="219"] LinKine™ FITC Labeling Kit[/caption]

Abbkine Scientific has launched its brand-new product LinKine™ FITC Labeling Kit recently. This product is designed for preparing FITC conjugates directly from proteins, peptides, and other ligands that contain a free amino group. The high sensitivity and excellent specificity make this product become unique.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications including flow cytometry. FITC is the original fluorescein molecule functionalized with an isothiocyanate reactive group (-N=C=S), replacing a hydrogen atom on the bottom ring of the structure. This derivative is reactive towards nucleophiles including amine and sulfhydryl groups on proteins. FITC has excitation and emission spectrum peak wavelengths of approximately 492 nm/520 nm, giving it a green color.

The LinKine™ FITC Labeling Kit is also known as LinKine™ FITC Conjugation Kit which has many irreplaceable benefits. The kit includes purification columns, ensuring rapid and efficient removal of non-reacted dye and excellent protein recovery. Another featured benefit is the Single-use fluors.  The featured FITC Conjugation Kit contains single-use vials of reagent. Since the product has been officially launched to LinKine™ Conjugation kits family, we can hope for the raising sales volume because of its high quality and competitive price.

The Kit consists of three parts- Activated FITC solution, FITC labeling solution, Purification column, which makes the kit easy to use. But you should pay attention to that kit components should be stored at 4˚C for 6 months and the initial concentration of the molecules to be labelled should not less than 2mg/ml. The issue of LinKine™ FITC Labeling Kit is a revolutionary step for Abbkine.

About Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

mTOR Polyclonal Antibody Review

The mechanistic target of rapamycin encoded by MTOR belongs to a family of phosphatidylinositol kinase-related kinases. These kinases mediate cellular responses to stresses such as DNA damage and nutrient deprivation. This protein acts as the target for the cell-cycle arrest and immunosuppressive effects of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex. The ANGPTL7 gene is located in an intron of this gene.

[caption id="attachment_1174" align="alignleft" width="292"] mTOR Polyclonal Antibody in immunofluorescence analysis. [/caption]

mTOR Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:10000.

mTOR functions as a central element in a signaling pathway involved in the control of cell growth and proliferation. We make experiments with this mTOR Polyclonal Antibody. The results of the experiment is satisfactory.

Abbkine Scientific announces the launch of LinKine™ HRP Labeling Kit

[caption id="attachment_69497" align="alignleft" width="262"] Abbkine's LinKine™ HRP Labelling Kit[/caption]Abbkine is devoted to reform the research tools in life science research field. Providing high quality antibody and assay kit for research use will be our eternal pursuit. With the recently official launch of LinKine™ HRP Labeling Kit, Abbkine is getting closer to this aim. The company has launched the product as a part of its plan to revolutionize the field of life science and scientific research. The LinKine™ HRP Labeling Kit soon becomes one of the best-selling product among Abbkine Kit family.

Abbkine injected a large amount of human and financial resources in this year to develop a series of LinKine™ kits coupling labeling kits, which largely strengthen the core competitiveness of Abbkine products. The features and benefits of this series of kits are obvious. Firstly, it provides an optimized project for experiement. If you obey the standard experiment procedure, depending on the excellent pre-activated dye, Protein ratio and Patent solution formula, you can get the best activity or fluorescence. Secondly, this product is convenient to operate. You can achieve an ideal result normally by three steps, attaching the coupling group to the primary amine site of the antibody or other protein. Thirdly, we can supply customization service especially. By changing the molar ratio, reaction buffer, PH and other parameters, you can arrive at the different levels of coupling and activity. Abbkine holds a strong belief on the innovation and sustainability in this series of products.

As is known to all that horseradish peroxidase also referred to HRP is one of the most important enzymes obtained from a plant source. HRP is an important heme-containing enzyme that has been studied for more than a century. In recent years new information has become available on the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme and its catalytic intermediates, mechanisms of catalysis and the function of specific amino acid residues. It continues to attract the attention of researchers from a variety of disciplines because of its practical and commercial applications.

The featured conjugation Kit provides a simple and quick process to conjugate antibodies, peptides, proteinsand other molecules with free amine groups with HRP. This kit is absolutely a powerful supplement to Abbkine kit group. Here we’d like also to mention that horseradish peroxidase is a 44kDa glycoprotein with 6 lysine residues. The enzyme label can be visualized by chromogenic reactions.

The LinKine™ HRP Labeling Kit is mainly composed of three parts-Activated HRP conjugates solution, HRP labeling solution and HRP quencher powder. The featured benefits include High activity HRP, Convenient quantities and so on, which are extremely helpful to scientific research. This product is both high in quality and competitive in price and it deserves buying.

About Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody Review

 

[caption id="attachment_1167" align="alignleft" width="151"] N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody in Western Blot analysis.[/caption]

N-cadherin, also known as Cadherin-2 (CDH2) or neural cadherin (NCAD) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH2 gene. CDH2 has also been designated as CD325 (cluster of differentiation 325). N-cadherin is a transmembrane protein expressed in multiple tissues and functions to mediate cell–cell adhesion. In cardiac muscle, N-cadherin is an integral component in adherens junctions residing at intercalated discs, which function to mechanically and electrically couple adjacent cardiomyocytes. While mutations in CDH2 have not thus far been associated with human disease, alterations in expression and integrity of N-cadherin protein has been observed in various forms of disease, including human dilated cardiomyopathy.

N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, IF: 1:200-1:1000, ELISA: 1:10000.

N-cadherin, originally named for its role in neural tissue, plays a role in neurons and later was found to also play a role in cardiac muscle and in cancer metastasis. N-cadherin is a transmembrane, homophilic glycoprotein belonging to the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule family. I've tried N-cadherin Polyclonal Antibody with excellent results. This product is what I want.

NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody Review

[caption id="attachment_1156" align="alignleft" width="300"] NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody in Immunohistochemical analysis.[/caption]

NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival. NF-κB is found in almost all animal cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, heavy metals, ultraviolet irradiation, oxidized LDL, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection, and improper immune development. NF-κB has also been implicated in processes of synaptic plasticity and memory.

NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:20000.

NF-κB is widely used by eukaryotic cells as a regulator of genes that control cell proliferation and cell survival. As such, many different types of human tumors have misregulated NF-κB: that is, NF-κB is constitutively active. As a useful and efficient product, NFκB-p105/p50 Polyclonal Antibody is well worth to recommending.

EliKine™ Human TNF-α ELISA Kit – the latest revolutionary scientific research kit

Human TNF-α ELISA Kit is the latest product from Abbkine Scientific Research Company. As part of the company’s plans to ease the research process and ensure that better results are gotten in record time, the company made the announcement to official launch the Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit on the market.

The ELISA Kit is particularly designed to allow for the easy detection of Human TNF-α. Consequently, investigators, researchers and other such users of the product can easily get their desired results in record time. This also ensures that better results are gotten.

EliKine™ Human TNF-α ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate TNF-α in samples, it has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TNF-α. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human TNF-α and analogues was observed.

The recent launch of the Human TNF-α ELISA Kit has been described by many as a revolutionary introduction to the industry. With a high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TNF-α, the product stands above its peers on the market.

EliKine™ Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit includes Human TNF-α microplate, Human TNF-α standard, Human TNF-α detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP,  Standard diluen, Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer, Plate covers. The kit has a calibration range of 7.8 pg/ml-500 pg/ml and uses the Colorimetric detection method, with a detection limit of 4 pg/mL.

About Abbkine ELISA Kit

Abbkine Inc. is a company founded by a team of scientists and marketing experts in the field of life science. Founded in 2012 and headquartered in China. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health, we newly launched EliKine™ series of ELISA kits exert high sensibility and specificity, with a comprehensive selection of ELISA kits available for the quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins, to meet your multiple experiment demands.

NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody Review

[caption id="attachment_1132" align="alignleft" width="160"] NFκB-p65 Antibody detected p65, RELA, NFKB3 expression.[/caption]

NF-kappa-B is a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in several biological processes. It is held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state by specific inhibitors. Upon degradation of the inhibitor, NF-kappa-B moves to the nucleus and activates transcription of specific genes. NF-kappa-B is composed of NFKB1 or NFKB2 bound to either REL, RELA, or RELB. The most abundant form of NF-kappa-B is NFKB1 complexed with the product of this gene, RELA. Four transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:5000.

I find the quality suitable for my experiments. This product is what I want. I am happy to choose NFκB-p65 Polyclonal Antibody！

Gene technology can be potential opportunity for agriculture

Consumers will soon be eating gene-edited foods that have added nutrients, potatoes that do not turn brown, and mushrooms with a longer shelf life, scientists at The University of Queensland predict.

UQ Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Director Professor Robert Henry said gene technology was a potential game-changer for agriculture.  “The next generation of genetically altered foods are here and waiting for regulatory approval,” he said. “While most consumers don’t understand what gene editing is, many also don’t understand genetics or the conventional breeding techniques that have been delivering us new and improved foods for centuries.”

[caption id="attachment_1077" align="aligncenter" width="590"] Director Professor Robert Henry said gene technology was a potential game-changer for agriculture.[/caption]

Professor Henry said there have been major advances in gene technology, and the regulatory environment needed to keep up. Gene editing involves a snip or tweak of DNA at precise locations on the genome, using technologies such as CRISPR. “Gene editing is the same as conventional breeding but a faster, safer and a more precise process – with benefits to human health as well as agriculture and food,” Professor Henry said. “We have not had the same public response, because gene editing does not require inserting new genes into the cell’s nuclei.”

Researchers in China and the United States have already successfully edited the genomes of human embryos to correct disease carrying mutations. Professor Henry said there would soon be similar innovations in the crop, horticulture and livestock industries.

“We will see more nutritious, longer-lasting, disease-resistant crops, fruits and vegetables, and more effective ways to develop desirable welfare traits like polled (hornless) cattle,” he said. “Gene editing allows us to do things more efficiently and faster than we are able to do with conventional genetic improvement and plant breeding.”

Professor Henry said that the technology was advancing rapidly and regulatory considerations needed to encompass  more than technological tools or processes. The  Australian Gene Technology Act is under review and States and Territories must agree to new regulations. Professor Henry is part of a panel of international experts discussing the regulation of gene editing in agriculture at a breakfast hosted by the Queensland Rural Press Club, as part of National Agriculture Day during the TropAg2017 conference in Brisbane on 21 November.

Media: QAAFI Communications, Margaret Puls, m.puls@uq.edu.au, +61 7 3346 0553; Professor Robert Henry, robert.henry@uq.edu.au, +61 7 3443 0552.

Human IL-18 ELISA Kit Review

EliKine™ Human IL-18 ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate IL-18 in samples. An antibody specific for IL-18 has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any IL-18 present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin-conjugated antibody specific for IL-18 is added to the wells. After washing, proprietary EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP conjugates is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound streptavidin-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of IL-18 bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

Interleukin-18 (IL18, also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine.

The Human IL 18 ELISA Kit includes Human IL-18 microplate,  Human IL-18 standard, Human IL-18 detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP, Standard diluent, Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer, Plate covers.

This featured Human IL-18 ELISA Kit with Calibration range  78 pg/mL-5000 pg/mL and Limit of detection 40 pg/mL has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human IL-18. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human IL-18 and analogues was observed.

I purchased the Human IL 18 ELISA Kit through door-to-door sales staff of Abbkine, from product parameters to experimental results, their sales and technicians gave detailed information until I placed the order, I have to say all I've contacted staff are very professional. Abbkine’s price is affordable and my experiment result is also perfect, because of this happy experience I will continue to focus on their other products.

New optical microscopy technique reveals dimerization of membrane receptor TLR4

In humans, invading pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Upon recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, TLR4 dimerizes and can stimulate two different signaling pathways, the proinflammatory, MyD88-dependent pathway and the antiviral, MyD88-independent pathway. The balance between these two pathways is ligand-dependent, and ligand composition determines whether the invading pathogen activates or evades the host immune response. Two parts of this gate often work together here, as researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt and their British colleagues have now found out with the help of a new super-resolution optical microscopy technique.

Experiments conducted so far indicated that TLRs are activated by a chemical signal that causes two proteins to cluster together as dimers. This process, which is known as “dimerization”, appears to play a pivotal role in a cell’s fate: It can decide whether the cell survives, dies or moves within the body. Because dimerization takes place on a molecular scale that cannot be captured using conventional microscopy techniques, researchers have to date been dependent on indirect measuring methods. These were, however, prone to error and yielded diverging results. This has now changed thanks to the new super-resolution optical microscopy technique.

In the forthcoming issue of “Science Signaling”, the working groups led by Professor Mike Heilemann of Goethe University Frankfurt and by Dr. Darius Widera and Dr. Graeme Cottrell of the University of Reading in England describe how they have studied the organization of the TLR4 receptor on the cell surface in molecular resolution. In a first step, they used a super-resolution microscope with a resolution about 100 times better than a standard fluorescence microscope. Since this was still not sufficient to make single receptor molecules in a tiny protein dimer visible, the researchers developed a more sophisticated analysis of the optical signal. In this way they were able to zoom in closer on the super-resolution images and examine under which conditions TLR4 forms a monomer or a dimer. The researchers could also detect which chemical signals from different pathogens modulate the receptors’ patterns.

The researchers hope that their work will lead in future to a better understanding of how TLR dimerization affects the decision between the life or death of a cell. It might also be possible to determine how pharmaceutical ingredients targeted at TLRs influence the behavior of cancer cells. “It is also conceivable that this approach will help us in future to understand better the fundamental biological processes that regulate the immune system in health and disease. At the same time, this microscopy method is also applicable to other membrane proteins and many similar questions,” explains Professor Mike Heilemann from the Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry at Goethe University Frankfurt.

Publication:

Carmen L. Krüger, Marie-Theres Zeuner, Graeme S. Cottrell, Darius Widera, Mike Heilemann: Quantitative single-molecule imaging of TLR4 reveals ligand-specific receptor dimerization, Science Signaling, doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aan1308

[caption id="attachment_1073" align="aligncenter" width="800"] Left: Conventional light microscopy is an useful tool in visualising biological structures and processes. However, its resolution is not sufficient to study events occurring at molecular scale. The image on the left shows the nuclei of brain tumour cells (yellow: nuclei containing DNA) with Toll-like receptors 4 localised at the cell surface (cyan spots). Although many TLR4 can be clearly seen, the spatial resolution does not allow determination of single receptor units. Middle: Super-resolution microscopy greatly improves the spatial resolution and allows detection of single TLR4 clusters (cyan) at the surface of the cells. However, even at this superior resolution, it is not possible to distinguish between monomers and dimers of the receptor. Right: Crystal structure of a TLR4 dimer. The novel analysis method developed by the consortium is able to provide information allowing differentiating between receptor monomers and dimers.[/caption]

Copyright: Widera/Heilemann

Further information: Professor Mike Heilemann, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Riedberg Campus, Tel.: +49(0)69-798- 29736, Heilemann@chemie.uni-frankfurt.de.

Visualization of CRISPR-Cas9 genetic-engineering technique

Researchers at Kanazawa University and the University of Tokyo report in Nature Communications the visualization of the dynamics of ‘molecular scissors’ — the main mechanism of the CRISPR-Cas9 genetic-engineering technique. This study provides unprecedented details about the functional dynamics of CRISPR-Cas9, and highlights the potential of HS-AFM to elucidate the action mechanisms of RNA-guided effector nucleases from distinct CRISPR-Cas systems.

CRISPR-Cas9 is a genome editing tool that is creating a buzz in the science world. It is faster, cheaper and more accurate than previous techniques of editing DNA and has a wide range of potential applications.Selection of the site to be cut is done by a ‘guide RNA’ molecule bound to the Cas9 protein.  Now, a team of researchers led by Mikihiro Shibata from Kanazawa University and Osamu Nureki from the University of Tokyo has visualized the dynamics of the CRISPR-Cas9 complex, in particular how it cuts DNA, providing valuable insights into the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated DNA cleavage mechanism.

[caption id="attachment_1065" align="aligncenter" width="728"] From left to right: Cas9 alone (apo-Cas9), Cas9 bound to RNA (Cas9–RNA), Cas9–RNA bound to its single-stranded DNA target (Cas9–RNA–DNA), Cas9–RNA bound to a partial DNA duplex (Cas9–RNA–DNA) and Cas9–RNA bound to its double-stranded DNA target (Cas9–RNA–DNA).[/caption]

For their visualization studies, the scientists used high-speed atomic-force microscopy (HS-AFM), a method for imaging surfaces.  A surface is probed by moving a tiny cantilever over it; the force experienced by the probe can be converted into a height measure.  A scan of the whole surface then results in a height map of the sample.  The high-speed experimental set-up of Shibata and colleagues enabled extremely fast, repeated scans — convertible into movies — of the biomolecules taking part in the molecular scissoring action.

[caption id="attachment_1066" align="aligncenter" width="376"] Fluctuations of the nuclease domain are indicated by magenta arrows. The cleavage products released from Cas9–RNA are indicated by blue arrows.[/caption]

First, the scientists compared Cas9 without and with RNA attached (Cas9–RNA).  They found that the former was able to flexibly adopt various conformations, while the latter has a fixed, two-lobe structure, highlighting the conformational-stabilization ability of the guide RNA.  Then, Shibata and colleagues looked at how the stabilized Cas9–RNA complex targets DNA.  They confirmed that it binds to a pre-selected protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) site in the DNA.  A PAM is a short nucleotide sequence located next to the DNA’s target site, which is complementary to the guide RNA.

The research team’s high-speed movies further revealed that targeting (‘DNA interrogation’) is achieved through 3D diffusion of the Cas9–RNA complex.  Finally, the researchers managed to visualize the dynamics of the cleavage process itself: they observed how the region of ‘molecular scissors’ undergoes conformational fluctuations after Cas9–RNA locally unwinds the double-stranded DNA.

Article
Title: Real-space and real-time dynamics of CRISPR-Cas9 visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy
Journal: Nature Communications
Authors: Mikihiro Shibata, Hiroshi Nishimasu, Noriyuki Kodera, Seiichi Hirano, Toshio Ando, Takayuki Uchihashi, and Osamu Nureki

Doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-01466-8

Funders
The Kao Foundation for Arts and Science, The Brain Science Foundation, JST/PRESTO, JST/CREST, The Basic Science and Platform Technology Program for Innovative Biological Medicine from AMED, JSPS KAKENHI

Abbkine Scientific announces new release of the EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. has announced the official release of its new science research kit, the EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit, designed to ease the research process and ensure investigators are more effective with their operations.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone, it is also called FSH-alpha, FSHA, etc. FSH plays an important role in regulating the development, growth, pubertal maturation and reproductive processes of human being. FSH is often used in the treatment of infertility, especially during IVF. In some cases, it is also used for anovulation and reversal.

The EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit is newly released by Abbkine Scientific which is a leading biotechnology company based in China, it includes Human FSH microplate, Human FSH standard, Human FSH detect antibody, HRP substrate A, HRP substrate B, Stop solution, Wash buffer,Plate covers. The Human FSH Kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detecting human FSH and also has showed no significant cross-reaction or interference between human FSH and analogues.

Other features and benefits of Human FSH ELISA Kit include colorimetric detection method, multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of 2 to 3 hours and a calibration range of 2 IU/L-70 IU/L.

The FSH kit is only for research use and is not intended for use in human or clinical diagnosis.

About Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health. We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

p38 Polyclonal Antibody Review

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 encoded by MAPK14 is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. The activation requires its phosphorylation by MAP
kinase kinases (MKKs), or its autophosphorylation triggered by the interaction of MAP3K7IP1/TAB1 protein with this kinase. The substrates of this kinase include transcription regulator ATF2, MEF2C, and MAX, cell cycle regulator CDC25B, and tumor suppressor p53, which suggest the roles of this kinase in stress related transcription and cell cycle regulation, as well as in genotoxic stress response. Four alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene encoding distinct isoforms have been reported.

p38 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IHC-p: 1:100-1:300, ELISA: 1:10000.

P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases are a class of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that are responsive to stress stimuli, such as cytokines, ultraviolet irradiation, heat shock, and osmotic shock, and are involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis and autophagy. Persistent activation of the p38 MAPK pathway in muscle satellite cells (muscle stem cells) due to ageing, impairs muscle regeneration. We always have faith in the quality of Abbkine's products.

NOS3 Polyclonal Antibody Review

Endothelial NOS (eNOS), also known as nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) or constitutive NOS (cNOS), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS3 gene located in the 7q35-7q36 region of chromosome 7. This enzyme is one of three isoforms that synthesize nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and lipophilic molecule that participates in several biological processes. The other isoforms include neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which is constitutively expressed in specific neurons of the brain and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whose expression is typically induced in inflammatory diseases. eNOS is primarily responsible for the generation of NO in the vascular endothelium, a monolayer of flat cells lining the interior surface of blood vessels, at the interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the remainder of the vessel wall. NO produced by eNOS in the vascular endothelium plays crucial roles in regulating vascular tone, cellular proliferation, leukocyte adhesion, and platelet aggregation. Therefore, a functional eNOS is essential for a healthy cardiovascular system.

NOS3 Polyclonal Antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This antibody has been tested with ELISA, IF, IHC-p, WB. And Abbkine suggested starting dilutions are as follows: WB: 1:500-1:2000, IF: 1:200-1:1000, ELISA: 1:10000.

eNOS has a protective function in the cardiovascular system, which is attributed to NO production. Regulation of the vascular tone is one of the best known roles of NO in the cardiovascular system. I've tried NOS3 Polyclonal Antibody with excellent results. I am a loyal fan of Abbkine！

EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Officially Released by Abbkine

Abbkine Scientific has officially announced the release of its EliKine™ Human CCL2 ELISA Kit. The product also is known as the Human MCP1 ELISA Kit which is unique for its high sensitivity and excellent specificity.

The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is also referred to as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and small inducible cytokine A2. Other alternative names include MCP-1, HC11, MCAF, HSMCR30, SMC-CF, GDCF-2, SCYA2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, monocyte secretory protein JE. CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. Abbkine newly launched EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit exerts high sensibility and specificity for the quantification of Human CCL2/MCP-1 in various samples to CCL2 level determination.

The Human MCP1 ELISA Kit comes with different features and benefits that stand it out from its contemporaries on the market. This ELISA kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate CCL2 in samples, using colorimetric detection method. With a Sandwich ELISA (quantitative) assay type and working duration of between 3 and 5 hours depending on the operator, the kit looks to be a game changer in the industry.

This featured Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit components that include Human CCL2 microplate, Avidin-HRP, HRP substrate, Wash buffer, and Stop solution, allows for easy use and manipulation, further endearing it to several investigators and researchers across the world. Our complete, ready-to-use ELISA Kits reduce assay time and variability and are available in either 1 or 10 pre-coated plate options.

About Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health, We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Officially Released by Abbkine

Abbkine Scientific has officially announced the release of its EliKine™ Human CCL2 ELISA Kit. The product also is known as the Human MCP1 ELISA Kit which is unique for its high sensitivity and excellent specificity.

The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is also referred to as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and small inducible cytokine A2. Other alternative names include MCP-1, HC11, MCAF, HSMCR30, SMC-CF, GDCF-2, SCYA2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, monocyte secretory protein JE. CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. Abbkine newly launched EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit exerts high sensibility and specificity for the quantification of Human CCL2/MCP-1 in various samples to CCL2 level determination.

The Human MCP1 ELISA Kit comes with different features and benefits that stand it out from its contemporaries on the market. This ELISA kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate CCL2 in samples, using colorimetric detection method. With a Sandwich ELISA (quantitative) assay type and working duration of between 3 and 5 hours depending on the operator, the kit looks to be a game changer in the industry.

This featured Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit components that include Human CCL2 microplate, Avidin-HRP, HRP substrate, Wash buffer, and Stop solution, allows for easy use and manipulation, further endearing it to several investigators and researchers across the world. Our complete, ready-to-use ELISA Kits reduce assay time and variability and are available in either 1 or 10 pre-coated plate options.

About Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health, We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit Officially Released by Abbkine

Abbkine Scientific has officially announced the release of its EliKine™ Human CCL2 ELISA Kit. The product also is known as the Human MCP1 ELISA Kit which is unique for its high sensitivity and excellent specificity.

The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) is also referred to as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) and small inducible cytokine A2. Other alternative names include MCP-1, HC11, MCAF, HSMCR30, SMC-CF, GDCF-2, SCYA2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, monocyte secretory protein JE. CCL2 is a small cytokine that belongs to the CC chemokine family. CCL2 recruits monocytes, memory T cells, and dendritic cells to the sites of inflammation produced by either tissue injury or infection. Abbkine newly launched EliKine™ Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit exerts high sensibility and specificity for the quantification of Human CCL2/MCP-1 in various samples to CCL2 level determination.

The Human MCP1 ELISA Kit comes with different features and benefits that stand it out from its contemporaries on the market. This ELISA kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate CCL2 in samples, using colorimetric detection method. With a Sandwich ELISA (quantitative) assay type and working duration of between 3 and 5 hours depending on the operator, the kit looks to be a game changer in the industry.

This featured Human CCL2/MCP-1 ELISA Kit components that include Human CCL2 microplate, Avidin-HRP, HRP substrate, Wash buffer, and Stop solution, allows for easy use and manipulation, further endearing it to several investigators and researchers across the world. Our complete, ready-to-use ELISA Kits reduce assay time and variability and are available in either 1 or 10 pre-coated plate options.

About Scientific Co., Ltd.

Abbkine Scientific Co., Ltd. was founded in 2012. Our mission is to help make research possible by supplying scientists worldwide with the basic research tools necessary for advancing human and animal health, We're devoting to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research, and drug discovery. Abbkine is delighted to offer reproducible and sensitive EliKine ELISA kits for quantification of cytokines, hormones and other proteins with sandwich or competitive ELISA methods, individually.

IFKine™ Orange Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG becomes the new addition to the Abbkine family

Abbkine Scientific Limited has recently announced the launch of its new product - IFKine™ Orange Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG. The Orange dye Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG conjugated antibodies are made to absorb light maximally at 555 nm and fluoresce with a peak around 570 nm. The antibody is brighter than its counterparties like TRITC, Cy3 antibody.

Hosted in donkeys and with mouse reactivity, the antibody’s immunogen is Mouse IgG whole molecule, with applications such as FCM, ICC, and IF. The antibody is polyclonal and is affinity purified using solid phase Mouse IgG (H&L) with finally > 95% purity based on SDS-PAGE.

Available in liquid solution, the antibody reacts with whole molecule mouse IgG. The antibody also reacts with light chains of all other mouse immunoglobulins. The minimization of the antibody’s cross-reaction with human, rabbit, goat, sheep and guinea pig serum proteins helps to reduce non-specific hybrization.

Abbkine IFKine™ is series of unique fluorence staining secondary antibodies with improved brightness, photostability and less nonspecific hybridization and background. The latest generation of IFKine fluorescent dyes ensure the best fluorescent performance, while it’s donkey host and other species of serum/IgG absorbed make IFKine™ secondary antibodies the ideal for use in fluorence staining, especially in fluorence multiple labeling.

About Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd

Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd is scientific research company founded in 2012 by number of scientists and marketing experts in the field of life science in California, USA. The company is headquartered in China and has effectively combined cutting edge technology from United States with China's manufacturing engineering and cost advantages to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research and drug discovery.

EliKine™ Human TSH ELISA Kit Review

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, TSH, or hTSH for human TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. T4 and T3 are indicated in controlling normal development of children, including brain development, and a variety of other functions in the body. People who have too much (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism) of these hormones can develop very serious medical problems. TSH is a glycoprotein hormone synthesized and secreted by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland, which regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid. In 1916, Bennett M. Allen and Philip E. Smith found that the pituitary contained a thyrotropic substance.

EliKine™ Human TSH ELISA Kit adopts a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate TSH in samples. An antibody specific for TSH has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any TSH present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a HRP conjugated antibody specific for TSH is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of TSH bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

As a scientific research worker, I have already known that Abbkine occupies a leading position in antibody research and development. When I heard that Abbkine will launch a series of brand-new EliKine™ ELISA kit, I ordered one without hesitation. To my surprise, EliKine™ Human TSH ELISA Kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human TSH. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human TSH and analogues was observed. Everything goes smoothly within my project timelines. I believe that this product will also satisfy your concrete research needs perfectly. Abbkine enjoys a sound reputation for its advanced craftsmanship, high quality, attractive price and convenient delivery service. I hold a strong belief that Abbkine will be your primary choice in scientific research. If you trust me, you can order it right now!

ELISA Testing Service

Accelerate cytokines, chemokine, hormones and other proteins validation and detection with proprietary EliKine^TM ELISA Kits within 7 business days.

Why Choose Abbkine ELISA Testing Service for your Research?

•  High quality test tools- EliKine^TM ELISA Kits

EliKine™ series of ELISA kits exert high sensibility and specificity, with a comprehensive selection of ELISA kits available for the quantification of cytokines, chemokine, hormones and other proteins, to meet experiment demands. More features about EliKine^TM ELISA Kits, please visit https://www.abbkine.com/elikine-elisa-kits-new-addition-abbkines-scientific-research-kit-family/.

• Assays optimized for many sample types

We’ve tested our assays extensively in many different sample types. All analytes are validated for use with serum, plasma (EDTA, heparin, citrate) and cell culture supernatant. If you have a sample type we haven’t tried before, just let us know and we can help.

• Services from experienced and trustworthy scientist

Our dedicated ELISA Testing Service staff ensures your samples are treated in full accordance with the contracted study requirements. We provide rapid delivery of results and unsurpassed customer service. Our Testing Service laboratory successfully provides services for contract research organizations, academic groups, government organizations, and pharmaceutical companies.

• Quality assurance and timely delivery

Entrusting our expert personnel with your study samples ensures accurate results that are returned in a timely, efficient, and customized manner under our proven quality management systems. With our team of highly experienced scientists, Abbkine’s service department provides you with data of the highest accuracy and reproducibility.

To obtain an ELISA service quotation, contact us at service@abbkine.com

EliKine™ Human Prolactin ELISA Kit review

Prolactin (gene name PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females. Prolactin is predominantly found as 199 amino acid, 25 kDa glycosylated and 23 kDa non-glycosylated monomers. Human prolactin shares only 60% and 63% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat prolactin, respectively, although rat prolactin can activate the human prolactin receptor. Although better characterized in rodents than humans, post-translational modifcations such as polymerization, glycosylation, and proteolytic cleavage can alter the activities of prolactin.

EliKine™ Human Prolactin ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate Prolactin in samples. An antibody specific for prolactin has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any prolactin present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a HRP conjugated antibody specific for prolactin is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of prolactin bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

EliKine™ Human Prolactin ELISA Kit yielded a robust data set that met current requirements as well as provided a new tool for future use, everything goes well within my project timelines. This was due in large part to the excellent communication and impressive initiative taken by the scientists and product manager who used Abbkine extensive knowledge to find the best solution to my requirements.

EliKine™ Human IL-1β ELISA Kit – the new addition to Abbkine’s scientific research kit family

The EliKine™ Human IL-1β ELISA Kit is one of the latest scientific research products from Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd. The company recently announced the launch of the product, designed to enhance scientific research processes.

The IL-1β is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family, produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). Interleukin 1β is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, involved in several cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.

Interleukin 1β Elisa kit has human reactivity, employing a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate IL-1β in samples. The IL1B Elisa kit uses colorimetric method of detection, with the suitable samples types being Cell culture supernatants, other biological fluids, Plasma, and Serum.

The components of the kit include:

• Human IL-1β microplate


• Human IL-1β standard


• Human IL-1β detect antibody


• EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP


• Standard diluent


• Assay buffer


• HRP substrate


• Stop solution


• Wash buffer


• Plate covers.

One of the major features and benefits of the kit is its high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human IL-1β., with no significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human IL-1β and analogues.

About Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd

Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd was founded in 2012 by a team of scientists and marketing experts in the life science field in California, USA. Headquartered in China, Abbkine has effectively combined cutting edge technology from United States with China's manufacturing engineering and cost advantages to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research and drug discovery.

EliKine™ Human bFGF ELISA Kit Review

The protein encoded by FGF2 gene is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members bind heparin and possess broad mitogenic and angiogenic activities. This protein has been implicated in diverse biological processes, such as limb and nervous system development, wound healing, and tumor growth. The mRNA for this gene contains multiple polyadenylation sites, and is alternatively translated from non-AUG (CUG) and AUG initiation codons, resulting in five different isoforms with distinct properties. The CUG-initiated isoforms are localized in the nucleus and are responsible for the intracrine effect, whereas, the AUG-initiated form is mostly cytosolic and is responsible for the paracrine and autocrine effects of this FGF.

EliKine™ Human bFGF ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate bFGF in samples. An antibody specific for bFGF has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any bFGF present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin-conjugated antibody specific for bFGF is added to the wells. After washing, proprietary EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP conjugates is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound streptavidin-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of bFGF bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

I ordered the Human bFGF ELISA Kit from Abbkine and want to detect endogenous bFGF level in human cell culture supernatant. What is surprising is that I received the product just three days later. The technical support is very professional and patient, and they help me search the references and analyze the questions met during the experiment. Finally, I got satisfying results. The kit has high sensitivity and the price is cheaper than other brands. I want to recommend it to my friends.

EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit review

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a glygoprotein produced by the anterior pituitary gland. In the female, FSH stimulates follicular growth, prepares ovarian follicles for action by LH and enhances the LH induced release of estrogen. FSH levels are elevated after menopause, castration and in premature ovarian failure. Although there are significant exceptions ovarian failure is indicated when random FSH concentrations exceed 40 mIU/ml. In the male, FSH stimulates seminiferous tubule and testicular growth and is involved in the early stages of spermatogenesis. Oligospermic males usually have elevated FSH levels. Tumors of the testes generally depress serum FSH concentrations, but levels of LH are elevated. High levels of FSH in men may be found in primary testicular failure and Klinefelter syndrome. Elevated concentrations are also present in cases of starvation, renal failure, hyperthyroidism, and cirrhosis.

EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate FSH in samples. An antibody specific for FSH has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any FSH present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a HRP conjugated antibody specific for FSH is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of FSH bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

EliKine™ Human FSH ELISA Kit was designed to detect Human FSH in different kinds of samples, such as Plasma, Serum and other biological fluids. The detect range of this kit is 2 IU/L-70 IU/L and the minimum detection value is 1.0 IU/L. Our test proved the kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human FSH. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human FSH and analogues was observed. The whole working time of our assay is about 3 hours. Both purchase and test process go well.

Abbkine Scientific announces the launch of EliKine™ Human IL-10 ELISA Kit

The EliKine™ Human IL-10 ELISA Kit otherwise referred to as IL 10 Elisa kit is the newest product from Abbkine Scientific. The company has announced the launch of the product as part of its plan to revolutionize the field of life science and scientific research. This is so as the product designed to enhance and make scientific research processes more effective.

The IL10 Elisa kit, with the protein encoded by IL-10 gene is a cytokine produced primarily by monocytes as well as lymphocytes to a lesser extent. Employing the colorimetric method of detection, the kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate IL-10 in samples as an antibody specific for IL-10 has been pre-coated onto a microplate.

The kit has human reactivity and Sandwich ELISA (quantitative) assay type, with the assay duration being multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of between 3 and 5 hours. However, the duration is dependent on the experience of the operation person.

Other features and benefits of the CSIF Elisa kit include high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Human IL-10 and no significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human IL-10 and analogues. The detection range of the kit is 4.7 pg/ml-300 pg/ml. The minimum detectable dose (MDD) of IL-10 is typically less than 3 pg/ml.

The components of the kit include Human IL-10 microplate, Human IL-10 standard, Human IL-10 detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP, plate covers, wash buffer and stop solution. Other components are Standard diluent, Assay buffer and HRP substrate.

About Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd

Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd was founded in 2012 with the coming together of a team of scientists and marketing experts in the field of life science in California, USA. Headquartered in China, Abbkine has effectively combined cutting edge technology from United States with China's manufacturing engineering and cost advantages to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research and drug discovery.

Abbkine Scientific announces the official launch of EliKine™ Human IL-8 ELISA Kit

Abbkine Scientific has announced the launch of its new product, the EliKine™ Human IL-8 ELISA Kit. The scientific research giant released the product to enhance research processes and help scientific researchers get results faster and easier.

The protein encoded by IL-8 gene is a member of the CXC chemokine family. As one of the major mediators of the inflammatory response, the chemokine is secreted by several cell types. It functions as a chemoattractant as well as a potent angiogenic factor.

The IL 8 Elisa kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate IL-8 in samples. The kit also employs a colorimetric detection method, with sample type including Cell culture supernatants, other biological fluids, Plasma, Serum.

Otherwise known as NAF Elisa kit, the kit’s assay type is Sandwich ELISA (quantitative) and assay duration of multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of between 3 and 5 hours depending on the experience of the operation person.

The IL8 Elisa kit comes with different features and benefits. One of such benefits is the kit’s high sensitivity and excellent specificity to detect Human IL-8. Detection range: 3.9 pg/ml-250 pg/ml. The minimum detectable dose (MDD) of Human IL8 is typically less than 2 pg/ml. Another benefit of the kit is that it has no significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human IL-8 and analogues.

About Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd

Abbkine Scientific Co. Ltd is scientific research company that was founded in 2012 by a team of scientists and marketing experts in the field of life science in California, USA. The company is headquartered in China and has effectively combined innovative technology from United States with China's manufacturing engineering and cost advantages to provide innovative, high quality assay kits, recombinant proteins, antibodies and other research tools to accelerate life science fundamental research and drug discovery.

EliKine™ Human EGF ELISA Kit review

EGF encodes a member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the 53-amino acid epidermal growth factor peptide. The protein acts a potent mitogenic factor that plays an important role in the growth, proliferation and differentiation of numerous cell types. During development, EGF regulates thymocyte differentiation, neuroglia production, and adipocyte maturation. In the adult, EGF plays a role in mammary gland lactogenesis, fibroblast mitosis, dissociation of the extracellular matrix, and cell migration. EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. EGF is proposed to affect growth and/or differentiation of many other fetal and adult tissues.

Human EGF ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate EGF in samples. An antibody specific for EGF has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any EGF present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a biotin-conjugated antibody specific for EGF is added to the wells. After washing, proprietary EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP conjugates is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound streptavidin-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of EGF bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

Following the suggestion of my friend, I purchased the EliKine™ Human EGF ELISA Kit from Abbkine. I have to say this is a trustworthy brand. I detected the CD54 in the serum sample. Experiments showed that Abbkine ELISA kit has high sensitivity and excellent specificity. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human EGF and analogues was observed. The standard curve is very perfect. I really appreciate this experience, and I will continue to support Abbkine products.

EliKine™ Human LH ELISA Kit review

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is produced in both men and women from the anterior pituitary gland in response to luteinizing hormonereleasing hormone (LH-RH or Gn-RH), that is released by the hypothalamus. LH, also called interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH) in men, is glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 30,000 Dalton. LH stimulates ovulation and ovarian steroid production in the female. In the male, LH controls Leydig cell secretion of testosterone. LH is elevated in Luteal phase of menstrual cycle, primary hypogonadism, Gonadotropin-secreting pituitary tumors and menopause. LH is deceased in hypothalamic Gn-RH deficiency, pituitary LH deficiency and ectopic steroid production.

EliKine™ Human LH ELISA Kit employs a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate LH in samples. An antibody specific for LH has been pre-coated onto a microplate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and any LH present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After removing any unbound substances, a HRP conjugated antibody specific for LH is added to the wells. Following a wash to remove any unbound enzyme reagent, a substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of LH bound in the initial step. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured.

EliKine™ Human LH ELISA Kit was purchased to detect Luteinizing hormone in human serum. Abbkine suggested the detect range of this kit is 2 IU/L-75 IU/L and the limit of detection is 0.5 IU/L. Thanks for the help of their technical staff, we got a good result. No significant cross-reactivity or interference was found. The strip microplate is also very convenient for users. Overall, this is a very good experience.

How cancer cells communicate at long range in vivo?

Topics overview: How cancer cells communicate at long range in vivo, Aberrant DNA Methylation in Colorectal Cancer, JARID1 Histone Demethylases, How To Fine-Tune Cancer Immunotherapy, Methods and Applications of CRISPR-Mediated Base Editing.

1. Imaging Tunneling Membrane Tubes Elucidates Cell Communication in Tumors

Intercellular communication is a vital yet underdeveloped aspect of cancer pathobiology. This Opinion article reviews the importance and challenges of microscopic imaging of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) in the complex tumor microenvironment. The use of advanced microscopy to characterize TNTs in vitro and ex vivo, and related extensions called tumor microtubes (TMs) reported in gliomas in vivo, has propelled this field forward. This topic is important because the identification of TNTs and TMs fills the gap in our knowledge of how cancer cells communicate at long range in vivo, inducing intratumor heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. Here Emil Lou at University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, USA and his colleagues discuss the concept that TNTs/TMs fill an important niche in the ever-changing microenvironment and the role of advanced microscopic imaging to elucidate that niche.

Read more, please click http://www.cell.com/trends/cancer/abstract/S2405-8033(17)30158-9

2. Aberrant DNA Methylation in Colorectal Cancer: What Should We Target?

Colorectal cancers (CRCs) are characterized by global hypomethylation and promoter-specific DNA methylation. A subset of CRCs with extensive and co-ordinate patterns of promoter methylation has also been identified, termed the CpG-island methylator phenotype. Some genes methylated in CRC are established tumor suppressors; however, for the majority, direct roles in disease initiation or progression have not been established. Herein, Janson W.T. Tse at Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia and his colleagues examine functional evidence of specific methylated genes contributing to CRC pathogenesis, focusing on components of commonly deregulated signaling pathways. They also review current knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning promoter methylation in CRC, including genetic events, altered transcription factor binding, and DNA damage. Finally, they summarize clinical trials of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in CRC, and propose strategies for enhancing their efficacy.

Read more, please click http://www.cell.com/trends/cancer/fulltext/S2405-8033(17)30160-7

3. JARID1 Histone Demethylases: Emerging Targets in Cancer

JARID1 proteins are histone demethylases that both regulate normal cell fates during development and contribute to the epigenetic plasticity that underlies malignant transformation. This H3K4 demethylase family participates in multiple repressive transcriptional complexes at promoters and has broader regulatory effects on chromatin that remain ill-defined. There is growing understanding of the oncogenic and tumor suppressive functions of JARID1 proteins, which are contingent on cell context and the protein isoform. Their contributions to stem cell-like dedifferentiation, tumor aggressiveness, and therapy resistance in cancer have sustained interest in the development of JARID1 inhibitors. Here Kayla M. Harmeyer at University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, USA and her colleagues review the diverse and context-specific functions of the JARID1 proteins that may impact the utilization of emerging targeted inhibitors of this histone demethylase family in cancer therapy.

Read more, please click http://www.cell.com/trends/cancer/fulltext/S2405-8033(17)30161-9

4. Learning from the Proteasome: How To Fine-Tune Cancer Immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy has recently emerged as a forefront strategy to fight cancer. Key players in antitumor responses are CD8⁺ cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that can detect tumor cells that carry antigens, in other words, small peptides bound to surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. The success and safety of cancer immunotherapy strategies depends on the nature of the antigens recognized by the targeted T cells, their strict tumor specificity, and whether tumors and antigen-presenting cells can efficiently process the peptide. Nathalie Vigneron at Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research in Brussels, Belgium and her colleagues review here the nature of the tumor antigens and their potential for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies. They also discuss the importance of proteasome in the production of these peptides in the context of immunotherapy and therapeutic cancer vaccines.

Read more, please click http://www.cell.com/trends/cancer/fulltext/S2405-8033(17)30155-3

5. Methods and Applications of CRISPR-Mediated Base Editing in Eukaryotic Genomes

The past several years have seen an explosion in development of applications for the CRISPR-Cas9 system, from efficient genome editing, to high-throughput screening, to recruitment of a range of DNA and chromatin-modifying enzymes. While homology-directed repair (HDR) coupled with Cas9 nuclease cleavage has been used with great success to repair and re-write genomes, recently developed base-editing systems present a useful orthogonal strategy to engineer nucleotide substitutions. Base editing relies on recruitment of cytidine deaminases to introduce changes (rather than double-stranded breaks and donor templates) and offers potential improvements in efficiency while limiting damage and simplifying the delivery of editing machinery. At the same time, these systems enable novel mutagenesis strategies to introduce sequence diversity for engineering and discovery. Here, Michael C. Bassik at Stanford University in Stanford, USA and his colleagues review the different base-editing platforms, including their deaminase recruitment strategies and editing outcomes, and compare them to other CRISPR genome-editing technologies. Additionally, they discuss how these systems have been applied in therapeutic, engineering, and research settings. Lastly, they explore future directions of this emerging technology.

Read more, please click http://www.cell.com/molecular-cell/fulltext/S1097-2765(17)30707-4